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C 64 17-19 A2, usually for the golden oil c. Vitamin A, is containing beta a. dahurica ketone ring many enolate. The chemical structure and vitamin A2 difference in beta A1: methadone ring 3 – more than double a throne. Vitamin A molecule in unsaturated double bond, chemical properties and lively, easy oxidized in the air, or by ultraviolet irradiation .
And destruction, loss, vitamin A physiological role in the preparations should avoid light brown bottle. Whether A1, A2, or with three antimony chloride, dark blue, the effect can be quantitatively nature as the basis of vitamin A. Many plants such as carrot, tomato, corn, vegetables, containing carotenoids substances, such as alpha, beta carotene, gamma, qualitative, lutein hidden yellow etc. Some .
Carotenoids with vitamin A1 the same ring structure in the body, can change to vitamin A, vitamin A, is called the beta carotene contained two vitamin A1 of structure, the highest conversion. A molecule beta carotene, add two molecules can generate two molecules water vitamin A1. In animals, the water oxidation process by beta hu rose to 15,15 migrant card .

Vitamins erp and vitamin K4. Also called clotting much vitamin exists in spinach, alfalfa, cabbage, liver features the definition of vitamins required vitamin satisfy four characteristics can call essential vitamins:External: human’s not synthesis (vitamin D, but can small body is important because synthetic vitamins, still be necessary, need food supplement through), Trace: human body is very little, but can be .
Needed to play a tremendous role, Regulatory: vitamin must able to regulate the body’s metabolism, or energy transformation, Vitamin a certain vitamins: lack of specificity, people will present the pathological characteristic. According to the characteristics of four, altogether 13 kinds of vitamins, need is also usually say 13 necessary vitamins.Unsaturated unary alcohols, fat-soluble vitamins. Due to the human body or .
Mammalian vitamin A deficiency appears easily dry eyes, so called alcohol resistance to dry eye. Vitamin A have known A1 and A2 two kinds, A1 exists in liver and blood and eyeball retina, also called retinol, natural vitamin mainly exists. A2 mainly exists in freshwater fish in the liver. Vitamin A1 is a fat-soluble flaxen flake crystallization, melting point, vitamin .

Amine or cobalt [coenzyme B12]] in the liver, fish, meat, eggs by Maurice Gobley water-soluble choline in 1850. Vitamin B group more than one in the liver, egg yolks, dairy products, soybean water-soluble inositol ring six alcohol, vitamin B – exists in the heart, h more meat water-soluble ascorbic acid (vitamin C) by James linde in 290 years found. Also .
Called ascorbic acid are this vegetables, fruits fat-soluble alcohols (vitamin D) calcification in 1922 by Edward Mellanby found. Also called ossification alcohol, vitamin, rachitic vitamin D2 is MaiJiao calcification and vitamin D3 is bravery calcification. This is only a human can small synthetic vitamins are common in liver oil, egg yolks, dairy products, yeast fat-soluble tocopherol (vitamin E) by Herbert .
Evans at 4 Essex in 1922 Katherine and Bishop. Mainly alpha, beta, and gamma, more than four exists in the delta, fish, eggs and liver oil fat-soluble naphthalene quinone (vitamin K) by Henrik Dam in 1929. Is a series of derivatives collectively naphthalene quinone, mainly from the natural plant of vitamins from animal of vitamins and K1 K2 and synthetic .

Soybean, liver, the meat of water-soluble lactoflavin (vitamin B2) by d. t. Smith and e. g. Hendrick found in 1926. Also called vitamin G more exists in yeast, liver, vegetables, eggs water-soluble nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) by Elvehjem Conrad in 1937 discovery. Also called vitamin P, vitamin PP, including Nick acid (nicotinic acid) and Nick (niacinamide) two substances, belong to .
Pyridine derivatives. Many exists in yan alkaline acid, yeast, grain, nicotine acid liver, rice bran water-soluble vitamin B5) pantothenic acid (by Roger Williams in 1933. Also called times more than acid exists yeast, grain, liver, vegetable water-soluble pyridoxine (vitamin B6) Gyorgy by Paul in 1934. Including pyridoxine and aldehydes and imidacloprid duo duo than amine exists yeast, grain, liver, eggs .
And dairy productsWater-soluble vitamin biotin (B7) is also called vitamin H or coenzyme R more exists in yeast, liver, grain water-soluble vitamin b9-fortified folic acid (also called pteroylglutamic acid, butterfly acid single glutamate, vitamin M or pure more vegetables leaf, exists in the liver of water-soluble cobalamin (vitamin B12) by Karl Folkers Alexander and Todd in 1948. Also called cyanogen .

Store inside body. Fat-soluble vitamins, mostly bile salts to help absorption, follow the lymphatic system into the body organs. A body can be stored fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin A and D main storage in the liver, vitamin E mainly in body adipose tissue, vitamin K storage is less. Water-soluble vitamins soluble in water and easily soluble in nonpolar solvent, the keep .
In storage inside body, after absorbing excess of urine from vent, Fat-soluble vitamins soluble in nonpolar solvent, and easily soluble in water, but with the human body fat absorption and in vivo for accumulations and excretion rate is not high.Fat-soluble vitamins (dry eye antioxidant vitamin A, also called hairdressing vitamin) by McCollum Elmer Davis and m. in 1912 to between .
1914. Not A single compound, but A series of retinol derivatives (retinol was also translation vitamin A, pine oil), resistance to dry eye exists much vitamin cod liver oil, green vegetables water-soluble thiamin (vitamin B1) by Kathy mill, FengKe in 1912 found (1911) said. In vivo confocal thiamin usually takes the form of phosphate (TPP). Many exists in yeast, corn, .

Can cause human body supersession chaos, vitamin deficiency. Such as lack of vitamin A, dry eye will appear nyctalopia skin is dry and, Lack of vitamin D may have rickets, Lack of vitamin B1 available beriberi, Lack of vitamin B2 with labial stomatitis, can KouJiaoYan, glossitis and scrotum phlogistic, Lack of PP with dalai skin disease can be, Lack of .
Vitamin B12 can have malign anaemia, Lack of vitamin C can from scurvy. Vitamin a large family, is known to have dozens of kinds of vitamins and can be roughly divided into fat-soluble and water-soluble two categories. (see chart), some substances in chemical structure similar to some vitamins, through simple metabolic reactions can be transformed into vitamins, such as vitamin .
Original material such as beta carotene, vitamin A, can turn into 7 – cholesterol can transform for the vitamin D3, But to the many complex metabolic reactions can be Nick acid serine is not called vitamin original. Water-soluble vitamins from the intestinal absorption, through the cycle of the body needs to spare parts in the organization, mostly by urine, in .

Purification of material, is found in nature, just like the distribution and food, and for most. Some, such as supply must balance each other vitamin B1, B2 and PP, otherwise can affect the physiological function. Vitamin B complex includes: pantothenic acid, niacin, biotin, folic acid, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 (thiamin (at) and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and cobalt (vitamin B12). Someone .
Will also choline, inositol, amino acid and amino acid (benzene, carnitine appears and lipoic acid compound body in B.Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in metabolism. Human body is a very complex chemical plant, constantly with various biochemical reactions. The reaction and enzyme catalysis has close relationship. Enzyme activity to produce, there must be a coenzyme attend. The enzyme known many .
Vitamins is composed of co-enzyme or a coenzyme molecules. Therefore, the vitamin is maintained and regulating the normal metabolism important matter. It can be said that the best vitamin is “bioactive substances in the form of”, in human tissues. Food less vitamin content, the human body is not required, but can never be little substance. Dietary vitamin deficiencies such as, .

Diseases. Generally by food. Now that there are dozens of, such as vitamin A, vitamin B and vitamin C, etcVitamins are found in the 20th century is one of the great discovery. In 1897, c. YiKeMan in Java found only eat the rice can grind with beriberi, without rice grinding can cure this disease. And that can cure beriberi material .
Can be extracted with water or alcohol, says this matter for “water-soluble B”. In 1906, prove food contains proteins, lipids, besides carbohydrates, inorganic salt and water “auxiliary factors”, its volume is small, but necessary for animals to grow. In 1911 cristiano FengKe identified in rice can fight beriberi material is amine (contain nitrogen compounds), it is necessary to sustain life, .
So named “Vitamine”. Namely the Vital (life), Chinese amine () means “life. Amine” One after another, they found that many of the chemical properties of vitamins, physiological functions, different, Also discovered many vitamins doesn’t contain amino nitrogen, but, not FengKe naming continued use, but will last letters “e”. First discovered the vitamin B complex later identified as vitamin B, the .

Role in the regulation of metabolism is the most 3), the body cannot synthetic vitamins or synthetic volume insufficient, cannot satisfy the need, must often through food (4) to requirements of small body, vitamin, often in mg (demand) or micrograms (mg), but muon g once lack will trigger the corresponding vitamin deficiency, damage to human body health. Vitamin and carbohydrate, .
Fat and protein 3 big matter, in natural food in different scale, but only rarely necessary for human body. Some vitamin B6, such as by animals can K gut bacteria, can satisfy the quantity of synthesis of animals. Animal cells can be transformed into tryptophan trinicotinate (a B vitamin), but not apply to demand, Vitamin C except primate species (including .
Humans) and guinea pigs, other animals can be outside their synthesis. Plants and most microorganisms can oneself, not by the synthetic vitamins. Many vitamins are auxiliary or coenzyme component.And animal nutrition and growth of certain amount required for the organic compounds, metabolism, growth, development, health is very important. If long-term lack of certain vitamins, will cause physical dysfunction and some .

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To get more diverse tastes high heat.Vitamins (vitamin) is to maintain a normal human and animal physiological function and required from food, a trace of organic matter in human growth and metabolism, development process plays an important role.Vitamin a, vitamin and maintain life, namely the elements, maintain life activities of organic material, to maintain the health of human body is .
An important active substances. Vitamins in the body, but few indispensable content. The chemical structure of various vitamins and nature although different, but they have in common: (1) the vitamins are below the precursor to vitamins (vitamins in) in food (vitamin not constitute body tissues and cells, and it is also the composition of energy, it won’t produce the major .